Everything is so automated these days it can seem like you have no reason to learn any HTML. Blogger, Wordpress and all the other platforms have nice clean interfaces for uploading pictures, formatting your text, and anything else you might want to do in your day-to-day blogging. But sometimes they're not working, or perhaps they just seem to be messing up for no apparent reason. That's when a little HTML comes in handy.

What is HTML?

HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language, which is the standard markup language for creating web pages. As Wikipedia puts it: web browsers use HTML to interpret and compose text, images, and other material into visual or audible web pages.

It started life way back in 1989 when Tim Berners Lee, computer scientist extraordinaire, had the idea of conjoining hypertext and the internet. The result was the World Wide Web! HTML is still constantly evolving; we're currently on the fifth version of the language, HTML5.

How does HTML work?

HTML uses tags to create elements, which come together to form a document.

Or, to put it another way, HTML uses commands written in angle brackets to create an individual component of a web page. Put together, these components will form a - hopefully! - aesthetically pleasing web page when viewed via your web browser.

To give you a quick example of how it works in practice, here are a couple of sentences I wrote using HTML:

Check out this ^AWESOME guide to Pinterest.

- a blogging guide by Babi a Fi.
And here they are without any:

Check out this AWESOME guide to interest. - a blogging guide by Babi a Fi.

Big difference, huh?

What HTML should I know?

As a blogger you won't really use any structural tags - commands which tell the browser about the basics of the page - with, perhaps, the exception of meta tags. They're the ones aimed at search engines, and so are often used for SEO (search engine optimisation) purposes.

This post will focus on giving you a grounding in three areas: Text Formatting, Links and Images.

Text Formatting

There are lots of cool things you can do to your text with HTML. You can make it bold, you can make it italicised, and you can underline it. You can make it _subscript, ^superscript, or strike it through. You can change the font size, colour and even the actual font itself.


To make your text a specific colour, you can use hex codes. Black is #000000, for example, while red is #FF0000. Wiki has a great article on web colours HERE. When you're choosing a font, you can select a back up in case the browser can't display it. Read more about it - and the fonts available - HERE.

Images

Blogging and pretty pictures tend to go hand in hand - and HTML can have almost as big an impact as the effort you took in creating the image in the first place.

Please note that this uses the CSS (cascading style sheets) based 'style' property. CSS helps user interfaces with the presentation of documents in markup language and, although pure HTML attributes are simpler, HTML5 no longer supports them.

Links

We all know how important they are! Here are some of the extra things you can do with them:

When I started this blog I was completely mystified by the difference between follow and no follow links. Here is an explanation of what they are, and when you should use each.

What is a Follow Link?

Follow links are your bog standard, normal links. You create them in the usual way:


They tell the world that you like and trust the link, and aren't ashamed who knows it!

What is a No Follow Link?

No Follow links, as a concept, date back to 2005 when Matt Cutts of Google and Jason Shellen of Blogger joined forces to combat spam in blog comments. Blogger has a tick box to make a link no follow, or you can use the rel attribute like so:


No Follow links suggest to the world that you're not quite sure about the link. You're happy to send your readers there, but you're not happy for all the little search engine bots to connect the two of you - your page ranking won't have any impact on the ranking of the website you're linking to.

Think of it kind of like accepting a friend request on Facebook, but then altering your privacy settings so they can't see all of your posts. On the face of it you're best buddies, but scratch the surface and it's clear you're not happy to share everything them.

You can make all the links in a post no follow by using this html:

When Should You Use a No Follow Link?

Originally, making a link no follow was a way of reducing spam - Wordpress, for example, automatically makes all links in comments no follow. By 2010 however the no follow attribute was being repurposed as a way of marking a link as paid for, the idea being that you shouldn't be able to pay to increase your page rank.

Google has recently issued guidance for bloggers which states that any links which come about because of sponsored posts, or items sent in exchange for review should be no follow because 'these links didn’t come about organically (i.e., the links wouldn’t exist if the company hadn’t offered to provide a free good or service in exchange for a link).'

I had a great question in the comments about linky / blog party badges - general consensus is that they should be 'no follow' but, again, it raises questions. No money is changing hands, and you've chosen to join in with the linky.
The question marks represent instances where the decision comes down to your own judgement - would you have included this link off your own back? Google's own position can often be contradictory; you should add value to your article and link to relevant sites, but you shouldn't link to anything which might benefit you, irrespective of whether or not those sites are the same. In fact, Google's various websites have often fallen foul of their own no follow policies, although unsurprisingly it made little or no impact on their page ranking or position in search results...

Whatever you do, don't make all your outbound links no follow. You'll be penalised for that too!

What Happens If I Refuse to No Follow?

Making a paid link no follow is a guideline not a law - you're not going to find the police banging on your door because you haven't done it. Instead Google will sanction you if they discover you haven't followed their advice. This can happen to big companies - Interflora were removed from Google search results in 2013 after sending bloggers flowers in return for follow links - and small bloggers too.

The penalty placed on your website can last anywhere from 30 days to forever if you make no attempt to clean up your links. If you do go through and sort out your outbound links, and submit a reconsideration request, you can be back to normal in a matter of weeks. Check out this article from hobo-web for more on Google penalties.

Why Would I Follow Anyway?

If somebody contacts you and wants a link for PR (public relations) purposes, they're likely to be happy with it being no follow. The follow link would be a risk to them too (remember the Interflora example), and they're mostly interested in increasing their brand recognition and using your recommendation to encourage people to visit their website.

If they want the link for SEO (search engine optimisation) purposes, they're unlikely to settle for a no follow link. No follow won't give their site any benefit in terms of page rank or search engine results.

In this case, you really need to weigh up how big of a threat a Google penalty is to your blog. Where does your traffic come from? If the bulk of it comes from Google, the risk of a penalty is big. If your traffic comes from elsewhere, it doesn't matter as much. Similarly, it depends what you're being offered in return for the follow link - follow links usually mean bigger payments, so if you need money that may well override any consideration of how Google will view the transaction.